General electives can be selected from all the courses offered at Koç University.

ECON 452 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition: Pre-requisites: ECON 201 and ECON 311 and one of ECON 330 or ECON 331 or ECON 333 or ECON 432

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 453 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 454 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 455 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition: Pre-Requisites: ECON 201 and ECON 202

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 456 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 457 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 458 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 459 / SELECTED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Topics will be announced when offered.

ECON 480 / THE ECONOMICS OF INSTITUTIONS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

This course will examine the role played by institutions and political economy considerations in determining overall economic performance. The course aims to describe the role and evolution of institutions in economic growth, to understand basic models of politics, and to provide an introduction to the dynamic effects of fiscal and monetary policy. By the end of the course, students should be able to understand the the role of institutional failure, models of governance and mis-governance, optimal fiscal policy, and the concepts of reputation, credibility, and time inconsistency.

ECON 481 / TURKISH ECONOMY
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition: ECON. 202 or consent of the instructor

Introduction to Turkish economy and Turkish economic institutions: Recent history of the economy; Inward vs outward strategies, political institutions and long-term growth performance; Short-run economic fluctuations, inflation and unemployment; Monetary, fiscal and ex change rate policies; Trade and international competitiveness of the industry; Capital flows, foreign direct investment and privatization; Impact of the local and global financial crises on the economy.

ECON 483 / TRACKING THE TURKISH ECONOMY
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition: (ECON. 202 and ECON. 360) or consent of the instructor

Macroeconomic analysis of daily developments in the Turkish economy; Analysis of key concepts and data; How to use macroeconomic identities in policy analysis; The analysis of Türkiye?s growth and inflation record; Measures of fiscal position, fiscal adjustment and debt sustainability; The balance sheet of the Central Bank; How Turkish Central Bank conducts monetary policy; Balance of payments developments; Analyzing vulnerabilities and sovereign risk.

ECON 490 / INDEPENDENT STUDY
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

ECON 495 / INDEPENDENT STUDY
Sınıf: Credit: 1.5Precondition:

ECON 499 / ECONOMICS CAPSTONE
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition: ECON 201, ECON 202, and ECON 311 at least 4 Economics area elective Courses

Integration of the knowledge from different areas of the economics curriculum: microeconomics, macroeconomics, econometrics by applying concepts and frameworks to real life cases to formulate and implement creative and effective solutions to economic challenges; teamwork and presentations.

ECON 500 / MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

To facilitate a swift transition from undergraduate to graduate training, the mathematical foundation that all students should have will be reviewed. Topics include: mathematical statements and proofs; functions; sequences and limits; continuity; differentiation; metric spaces; integration.

ECON 501 / MATHEMATICS FOR ECONOMISTS
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Covers selected topics in mathematics that are frequently used in economic theory and its applications. Topics include: introduction to optimization theory (existence of a solution, alternative characterizations of compactness, Weirestrass Theorem, convexity); convex sets, concave and quasi-concave functions; characterization of a solution, Lagrange and Kuhn-Tucker approaches; parametric continuity, correspondences and maximum theorem; parametric monotonicity, lattices, supermodularity; fixed point theorems.

ECON 503 / MICROECONOMICS I
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Consumer theory; production theory; general equilibrium and welfare.

ECON 504 / MICROECONOMICS II
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Choice under uncertainty; game theory; mechanism design; principal-agent models.

ECON 505 / ADVANCED MICROECONOMIC THEORY
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

The course includes topics such as the game theory under perfect information, game theory under imperfect information, matching and mechanism design.

ECON 507 / MACROECONOMICS I
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Long-term economic growth; overlapping generations models; consumption, saving, and investment; real interest rates and asset prices; money and inflation.

ECON 508 / MACROECONOMICS II
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Classical and Keynesian theories of cyclical fluctuations; real business cycle theory; determination of employment and real wages; credit markets and financial stability; stabilization policy.

ECON 509 / ADVANCED MACROECONOMIC THEORY
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

The course includes topics such as the business cycle theory, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models, models of unemployment with search, market efficiency and macroeconomic performance, and theories of long-run growth.

ECON 511 / ECONOMETRICS I
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition:

Review of probability and statistics: random variables, univariate and joint probability distributions, expectations; bivariate normal; sampling distributions; introduction to asymptotic theory; estimation; inference. Linear regression: conditional expectation function; multiple regression; classical regression model, inference and applications.

ECON 512 / ECONOMETRICS II
Sınıf: Credit: 3Precondition: ECON. 511

Departures from the standard assumptions: specification tests; a first look at time series; generalised regression; nonlinear regression; simultaneous equations, identification, instrumental variables. Extensions and applications: ML, GMM, VAR, GARCH, panel data.